راهنمایی بر: مطالعه میکروسکوپی مقطع نازک

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میکروسکوپی موادی نظیر کانی‌ها، سنگ‌ها، کانه‌ها، تولیدات صنعتی و دیگر محصولات مصنوعی در نور عبوری و انعکاسی، تا به امروز به عنوان یکی از روش‌های کلاسیک و لازم‌الاجرای کانی‌شناسی، در مقوله تحلیل به حساب آمده است. مطالعه میکروسکوپی با نور قطبی یک روش غیرمخرب با قدرت تفکیک مکانی نسبتاً بالا برای شناسایی مواد جامد (خواه بلورین و یا غیرمتبلور) به حساب می‌آید؛ در حالی که فازها می‌توانند درون چارچوب بافتی خود مطالعه شوند. این روش امکان تخمین ترکیب شیمیایی و همچنین نشانه‌هایی از تاریخ تشکیل مواد را با استفاده از مشخصه‌های بافتی خاصشان (ساخت، فابریک، گردهمایی فازی، روابط فازی، بافتهای واکنشی) فراهم می‌آورد. از این رو، از بسیاری جوانب مطالعه میکروسکوپی با نور قطبی مزیت واضحی نسبت به روشهای تجزیه سنگ کل دارد که در آنها از پودرهای نمونه برای تشخیص فاز (XRD) یا برای تجزیه ترکیب شیمیایی (XRF,AAS) استفاده میشود. محدودیت‌های مطالعه میکروسکوپی با نور قطبی زمانی آشکار می‌شود که تشخیص ترکیب شیمیایی محلول‌های جامد پیچیده ضرورت داشته باشد، و یا هنگامی که مواد به قدری دانه‌ریز باشند که امکان تشخیص فازهای منفرد مهیا نباشد. بنابراین بسته به عدسیهای شییی خاص و ماهیت مواد مورد بررسی، یک مطالعه امروزی در علم مواد، به تلفیق مطالعات میکروسکوپی با نور قطبی با روشهای غیرمخرب مکمل دارای قدرت تفکیک مکانی بالا (EMPA, SEM-EDX, TEM) منجر خواهد شد.\r","\r","کتب درسی متعددی وجود دارد که شرح دقیقی از روش‌های تشخیصی مطالعه میکروسکوپی با نور قطبی و همچنین در زمینه بلور- نوری برای بررسی فازهای شفاف بیشکل و بلورین (شیشهها، کانیها، مواد مصنوعی) را فراهم می‌آورند. از این رو نیازی به ارایه اطلاعات جامعی از آن مواد در کتاب حاضر نیست. برای کارهای عملی با میکروسکوپ با نور قطبی کافی است تا حقایق لازم به نحوی خلاصه شوند که حتی کاربران بدون دانش عمیق از کانیشناسی بتوانند دستورات را دنبال کنند. اصول علم اپتیک بلور و بلورشناسی تنها در قسمتهایی ارایه شده‌اند که برای توصیف پدیدههای نوری مشاهده شده و ویژگیهای ریختشناسی بلورها ضروری باشد.\r","\r","این کتاب راهنما بر اساس یک کتاب درسی منتشر شده در گذشته به نام \"Methoden der Dünnschliffmikroskopie\" نوشته جی. مولر و ام. رایث تالیف شده است. کتاب مذکور به طور وسیع در جوامع آلمانی زبان استفاده می‌شده است؛ اما در حال حاضر دیگر منتشر نمی شود. ما با تغییر قابل توجه متن مذکور به وسیله ویرایش شکلها با استفاده از نرم افزارهای گرافیکی جدید، و اضافه کردن شکلها و عکس‌های میکروسکوپی متعدد برای به تصویر کشیدن پدیده‌های مختلف توصیف شده در متن، تالیف حاضر را ارایه کرده‌ایم. \r","امیدواریم با این کتاب راهنما، دانش ضروری مقدماتی تا پیشرفته و همچنین نحوه به کارگیری موفقیت‌آمیز مطالعه میکروسکوپی با نور قطبی برای دانشجویان فراهم آید."],"pages_count":"196","keywords":"null","token":"36e1bec0fb3a67ce","created_at":"2018-09-11 15:24:45","updated_at":"2022-07-06 10:50:42","publisher_id":"147","deleted_at":null,"published_at":"2018-09-11 15:29:47","available_for_web":"1","publisher_title":"دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان","edition":null,"currency":"IRR","subtitle":"null","country":"null","exclusive_rights":null,"not_for_sale":null,"rent_1_week_price":"-۱‌,‌.۰۰","meta_desc":null,"meta_title":null,"stock":"100","authors":[{"id":"10270","title":"دکتر سارا 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